Chapter V of the Chinese revolution of a new road

 Chapter V of the Chinese revolution of a new road
, represented by Mao Zedong's Chinese communists is to explore and open up new road the Chinese revolution?
(A) to carry out armed struggle against the Kuomintang.
1927 In August, the CPC Central Committee held an emergency meeting in Hankou m Seven meeting, complete liquidation of the Revolution, the late Right opportunist errors Chen determine the agrarian revolution and armed struggle against the Kuomintang reactionaries, the general guidelines.
Seven Conference, held the Nanchang Uprising, the Autumn Harvest Uprising Provincial Border of Jiangxi, Guangzhou Uprising. Thus the development of the Chinese revolution to a new stage, creating the Red Army and the revolutionary base areas into the new era.
(b) create a rural revolutionary base areas, preservation and development of the revolutionary forces.
in against a stronger enemy situation, to focus on rural areas, to rural areas to mobilize farmers, land revolution, armed struggle and building a base, which is after the Chinese revolution in 1927 the objective laws of development required. Countryside surrounding the cities, the armed seizure of power the heart of this revolution, the opening of the road, relying on the collective struggle of the party and the people, unite the party and the collective wisdom of the people. And Mao is one of the outstanding representative, he failed in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, timely manner shift the direction of attack in rural areas, lit the br> 1928 Mao Zedong wrote scientific leadership of the CPC also explained the land revolution, armed struggle and the construction of these three bases between the dialectical relationship.
1930 Mao Zedong in the establishment and development of the region is semi-colonial China, the peasants under the leadership of the proletariat, the highest form of struggle is the development of semi-colonial struggle against the inevitable result of the peasants, and the meeting is to promote the country is undoubtedly the climax of the most important factor in the revolution.
( d) the opening of new roads revolution, the revival of the Chinese revolution began.
revolutionary new road as the opening of the Chinese Communist Party's Red Army and the base gradually developed, the Red Army guerrilla war has actually become the main form of the Chinese revolution, training base in rural savings and revolutionary forces to become the main strategic positions.
(e) encircling the cities, the armed seizure of power theory put forward, marking the Chinese Marxism and Mao Zedong Thought and the Formation m.
revolutionary new road theory, the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party struggle against the Red Army and the experience of the scientific summary of the base, which is represented by Mao Zedong's Chinese communists party with the then prevailing dogma of Marxism, the Communist International and the Soviet Union tend to experience sacred error resolute struggle formed on the basis of Marxism and the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution, the resulting historical leap in the first significant results.
II, 20, late 20th century, before the mid-30s, why do the Chinese Communist Party successive social conditions, the characteristics of the Chinese revolution, Chinese revolution deep understanding of the law, for the Marxist-Leninist theory and practice in China there is no uniform understanding, not good at the Marxism-Leninism with China's realities comprehensive, correct combination.
the Chinese petty-bourgeois democrats thought.
(c) to correct mistakes from the past, the methods and results, the Seven Party conference there has been strong since the sentiment has not been seriously cleaned up. in correcting the first two thorough understanding of the ideological cadres was the wrong reasons, the environment and ways to correct such errors in detail, as well as repeating similar mistakes.
(d) from the external factors, the Communist International in a very long time the Chinese Communist Party undue influence and interference, and the prevailing tendency within the party dogmatism that since the meeting of the Seven leftist party ideas and emotions into the extreme Left.
Third, the Chinese Communist Party is how to sum up historical experience, strengthen the party The ideological and theoretical building?
Mao Zedong as their chief representative of the Chinese Communists always attached importance to sum up experience, strengthen the Party's ideological and theoretical building.
Agrarian Revolution, occurred in succession within the party Chinese revolution brought about very serious harm. these errors occur, primarily for the theory of Marxism-Leninism and the practice of the Chinese revolution is no uniform understanding generated. Because of this, Mao Zedong emphasized, in order to correct the error, we must correct thinking route, the implementation of Marxism-Leninism with China's reality principle.
1930 年 5 月 Mao Zedong wrote understanding of the situation in China, Comrade.
Red Army reached northern Shaanxi, Mao Zedong, the CPC Central Committee with a lot of energy, to sum up historical experience, strengthening the Party's ideological and theoretical building.
1935 年 12 月 Mao Zedong made a strategy of Japanese imperialism, the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University lecture on with the specific reality principle, scientifically clarify the party's ideological line.
with Mao Zedong as their chief representative in the theoretical work carried out by the CPC Central Committee, the party's political line, military and ideological lines were set things right ideologically, theoretically, the Chinese Communist armed so that they will come with confidence to meet the great anti-Japanese war of national liberation.
Chapter VI of the Chinese nation
War I. Why is China's anti-Japanese War is the holy war of national liberation?
(a) sense from the world, the World Anti-Fascist War was unprecedented in human history, war, war in Asia, Europe, Africa, Oceania, more than 80 countries and regions , about 20 million people involved. China is the world's anti-Japanese war an important part of anti-fascist war, the world anti-fascist war, the main battlefield of the East. the victory of the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War, the victory of world anti-fascist war to win and maintain the great cause of world peace had a tremendous impact.
(b) the nature of the war point of view, is a nation of aggression against another nation, oppression, slavery, war. Japanese aggressors wantonly trampled on China's great rivers and mountains, killing Chinese soldiers and civilians, looting of Chinese forced labor, devastation and destruction of women, or even germ warfare and chemical warfare, creating a series of inhuman Nanjing Massacre, the tragedy, committed heinous crimes, so that the heritage of Chinese civilization has been a heavy destruction of the Chinese nation suffered a great loss. Therefore, China is just, progressive war against aggression, is TAO; Japanese invasion of China unjust, brutal, aggressive war is unjust to.
Second, why the Chinese Communist Party is the mainstay of the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War ?
(a) of the Communist Party of China sounded the first foray to save the nation from peril, held up the whole nation rose in the first war flag, which actively promote, facilitate and maintain anti-Japanese united front, to maximize the mobilization of the nation's military co- resistance, an opportunity to unite the power of eminent national war of resistance organizer and inspired.
(b) of the Chinese Communists led by Mao Zedong, and further the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of China, to develop, implement a set of War and the consolidation of full adherence to anti-Japanese national united front theory, line, strategy and policy, put forward the strategic idea of a lasting war, the victory of the war played an important role.
(c) open up the Chinese Communist Party guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines through the battlefield, the establishment of anti-Japanese base areas, containment and eradication of the Japanese large number of vital forces, especially the war entered a stalemate, the anti-Japanese base areas to contain and combat the invasion of the front two-thirds of Japanese troops, and gradually become the main battlefield of war, not only reduces the positive the pressure of the battlefield, but also for War prepared the conditions for a strategic counter-offensive.
(d) of the CPC-led Eighth Route and New Fourth Armies and other anti-Japanese armed forces, to sacrifice their most rich in the spirit of patriotism, sacrifice, bloody fighting exemplary action, support from all hope of national salvation and survival as a pioneer to win the national victory of the war.
Third, how to evaluate the implementation of the KMT government during the war in front of the line and the status and role of the battlefield?
(a ) is one-sided implementation of the Kuomintang government resistance line, which launched and armed the people dare not let go, the implementation of a simple war government and the army, this is a line of anti-people, its purpose is to ensure that the exploitation of the interests of big landlords and big bourgeoisie and one-party political system.
(b) of the KMT in the strategy and tactics, did not take the principle of active defense, but the implementation of the temporary resist the idea of compromise in exchange for the Japanese side, resulting in a positive battlefield defeat, so that large areas of land fell into the enemy.
(c) of the Kuomintang officers and men of the front face of the battlefield of the majority of patriotic brutal Japanese invasion forces, waged a heroic stubborn resistance, showing an unprecedented patriotic passion and brute force, not afraid of bloodshed and sacrifice of the spirit, to give a heavy blow to the Japanese aggressors, as the war has contributed to the victory.
(d) maintaining the KMT has played a positive field The role of the national war of resistance, but the performance of all stages of the war is different from its position and role are different. Anti initial phase of strategic defense, the KMT government can actively War; into the strategic stalemate in the war, the introduction of , War is an example of power over the weak?
(a) the balance of power from the point of view, Sino-Japanese War is weak on the power of the war. China is a semi-feudal social, political, military, economic, cultural and other aspects of comprehensive strength is very backward, is weak. while Japan is the world first-class power, military, economic strength and political organizations are powerful forces.
(b) the nature of war from the point of view, is a semi-feudal China, Sino-Japanese War and Japanese imperialism in the 20th century between the start of a Daredevil 30 years of war, the Chinese war of resistance against Japanese aggression is just, progressive anti-war of aggression launched by Japan in China is extremely brutal, full of plunder and slaughter the evil of war.
(c) the results from the war point of view, the enemy forces in a very poor situation, the Chinese people united as one, cast iron and steel anti-Japanese national united front of the Great Wall, the death struggle with the enemy, and in extreme difficulties persist under the conditions of war, and finally defeat the Japanese aggressors, made the first time since the modern war of aggression against a complete victory.
(d) History has proven that theory of national subjugation and victory that is wrong, the decision of war the outcome of the people rather than objects, as long as the implementation of national mobilization, trap the enemy will result in disaster, the people's war in the vast ocean, resulting in relief to make up for defects such as conditions of weapons, causing difficulties to overcome all the premise of the war, we can get the final victory.
Chapter VII of the struggle for the new China
I. After the war, why the KMT government into a national and quickly surrounded collapse?
(a) Basically, the KMT government to implement the civil war, dictatorship and traitorous policy of big landlords and big bourgeoisie to maintain one-party dictatorship in an attempt to put China back to the colonial, semi-darkness of the future, against the law of historical development, contrary to the National People's general will, must have been people against the country.
(b) of the Kuomintang government officials of corruption, the national crisis financial, and severe loss of the people. Late in the rear have people sulked War, victory of the war, the KMT government sent officials to the original fall District received, the receiver already has become a people across the country urgently requires respite, peace and nation-building will, the implementation of anti-people policy of civil war, openly launched a full civil war, causing people to support or oppose.
(d) of the Kuomintang reactionary rule soon on military, political, economic comprehensive crisis, it quickly to failure, collapse is inevitable. militarily, to the third year of civil war, the PLA launched the strategic battle, the main Nationalist forces basically wiped out. political, pseudo-National Chiang Kai-shek held to develop pseudo-Constitution , played the closure of the rural economy bankrupt, people's lives worse.
so, the KMT government's perverse acts to force the country people at all levels to unite with it for life and death struggle, with the KMT military, political and economic crisis everywhere, ruled areas of Patriotic Democratic Movements rapid rise, and the formation of Chiang's second front, a strong People's Liberation Army with the combat, it caught people across the country surrounded by rapid collapse of its rule.
Second, how to understand the historical role of the democratic parties? CPC-led multi-party cooperation , What is the pattern of political consultation form?
(a) Although the political program of the democratic parties are different, but both advocate patriotism, pro-democracy and oppose dictatorship. in the war of resistance against Japanese imperialist aggression, the Kuomintang-controlled areas the development of anti-Japanese democratic movement have played a positive role. After the war, the democratic parties as the b) the establishment of various democratic parties, the Chinese Communist Party with them varying degrees of cooperation and the progressive development of the practice in the struggle of this relationship. in the common struggle against the Kuomintang dictatorship, the Chinese Communist Party not only encourage and support the democratic struggle, but also for their criticism of the opinions of some wrong, sincerely help them progress, this is the relationship between the CPC and democratic parties is more harmonious, cooperative way of constant development and improvement.
(c) of the KMT insisted a party dictatorship, the persecution of the democratic parties, progressive people, and gradually make the democratic parties to the position of the new democratic revolution, in particular, January 22, 1948, democratic parties and personages without party affiliation, 55 published willingness to accept the leadership of the Communist Party of China, support the establishment of a new people's democracy in China, the Chinese Communist Party-led multi-party cooperation and political consultation initially formed.
(d) of the Chinese Communist Party invited the democratic parties New China Participating people's democratic dictatorship. CPC-led multi-party cooperation and political consultation has taken shape, the political system with Chinese characteristics is also based on this basic formation.
Third, why is that No New China Communist Party of China as a working class political party, not only represents the interests of the Chinese working class, and represents the entire Chinese nation and Chinese people's interests. Chinese Communists in the revolutionary process has always stood bravely at the forefront of struggles. practical action shows that they are the most visionary, most self-sacrifice, the most resolute, and the most open-minded people sympathetic to their needs and rely on strong revolutionaries, which won the wholehearted support of the Chinese people.
2, China Communist Party is the scientific theory of Marxism armed with the most advanced political party, the Chinese people a hundred years old according to the failure of democratic revolution and the victory in the historical experience, the scientific conclusion is: only the scientific the party armed with revolutionary theory, can lead the Chinese people to achieve national independence and liberation.
3, the great unity of people of all nationalities, is the basis for revolution. the Chinese Communist Party under the banner of imperialism and feudalism, the implementation of the right revolutionary united front policy to closely unite people of all nationalities, all ethnic groups rely on their own strength, experience hardships, the pressure finally overthrew the three big mountains on the Chinese people have achieved new-democratic revolution victory.
4, practiced in China the people's democratic dictatorship, the common choice of the Chinese people. the Chinese revolution has been able to win, an important reason, it is instead due to the people's democratic bourgeois democracy to the people of the Republic The program replaces the bourgeois republic. Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, after 28 years of tortuous struggle, and finally to the worker-peasant alliance as the basis of the Republic of the people's democratic dictatorship in China were set up.
5, in the old democratic Revolution, the Chinese people the struggle against imperialism and feudalism, the absence of an advanced revolutionary party leadership, and ultimately failed. in the new democratic revolution, thanks to the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people's revolutionary struggle although after twists and turns, but finally achieved a great historic victory, the new people of all nationalities into the country's new masters of society.
(b) of the Chinese revolution, the basic experience of victory.
Revolutionary Communist Party of China led the people in the process of has accumulated rich experience, forged an effective weapon to defeat the enemy.
1, to establish a broad united front.
the Chinese people by imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism serious oppression in China building a revolutionary united front is very broad mass base. to establish a broad united front, is to uphold and develop the revolutionary political base. consolidating and expanding the united front must adhere to the working class and its political leadership, have to compete with the leadership of the working class bourgeois right to take another joint, and policies to combat.
2, adhere to the revolutionary armed struggle.
because China does not bourgeois democracy, the armed forces of the reactionary ruling class by virtue of the people of autocratic reign of terror, revolution can only be long-term as the main form of armed struggle. In order to uphold and develop the Chinese revolution, we must establish a political party under the absolute leadership of the working class, with strict discipline, to maintain close contact with the masses of new people's army, we must implement a series of characteristics of the Chinese people's war strategy and tactics, must go to the countryside, launched and armed peasants, the revolutionary base areas in the countryside, take to the road encircling the cities from rural areas.
3, strengthen the building of the Communist Party itself.
the workers very small number of the fighting class, peasants and other petty-bourgeois majority of the population in China, building a working class vanguard party, an extremely arduous task. victory of the Chinese revolution, the development of reason, that Mao
The party-building theory successfully solved this problem. the Chinese Communist Party is to follow the theory of party building, in the long struggle in the party exercise into r self-approved method, contact the people's party compiled under the new China was founded in the new period of socialist modernization (1949m2006)
journey
reviewed a glorious history, why the establishment of the People's Republic of China opened a new era?
founding of the PRC , declared the Chinese people are the masters of the time has come, the history of China which opened up a new era.
(a) of the oppression of the imperialist powers in China, the history of slavery from the end of the Chinese people, the Chinese nation suffered a wash over the past century humiliation, self-starting with a new attitude among the nations in the world. accounted for a quarter of the total number of human beings from the Chinese people stood up.
(b) their feudalism and bureaucrat capitalism, ruled from the end of history, long-term has suffered oppression and humiliation of the Chinese people turned themselves in politics, first as a new society, new masters of the country. a truly belongs to the people of the Republic was built up.
(c) of the warlords, frequent wars, continuously from the end of the history of banditry, the state's basic unity, national unity, social and political situation stabilizes, people of all nationalities began to live a happy life. People can concentrate on the economic and cultural aspects in the construction of the arrival of the period began.
( d) fundamentally changed the direction of development of Chinese society, in order to achieve the transition from New Democracy to socialism, to create the preconditions.
(e) the Chinese Communist Party became the ruling party of the country. It can use the State political cohesion and the mobilization of national strength, liberation and development of social productive forces, to benefit the people of all nationalities for the entire nation. This is to consolidate national independence and liberation of the results, for the construction of socialist modernization, providing a fundamental political guarantee.
In short, the People's Republic was established, marking China's democratic revolution has made the basic victory marked the end of semi-feudal society and the democratic society in the establishment of the country. This is the Marx the combination of Marxism with China's reality of the great victory. In modern times the history of China's first task facing that seek national independence and liberation of the people basically completed the task, and this historic task to achieve the second, the realization of the country prosperity and the common prosperity of the people, and create a premise, opening the way.
Second, the establishment of new China has made historic achievements that? These achievements illustrate what?
since the establishment of new China, the Chinese people along the social The Road, after half a century of hard work, has made great achievements attracting worldwide attention.
(a) to build economic independence from the modern socialist country.
50 years, the Chinese Communist Party led the people working hard , diligence and thrift, the extreme economic and cultural backwardness of the old China into a socialist new China with initial prosperity, in a poverty-stricken on the basis of established independent and relatively complete industrial system and national China. Communist China in the first three plenary session, China has entered the reform and opening up and modernization drive in the new period, the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, making big strides, initially established a socialist market economy, the country's comprehensive national strength and people's living standards greatly improved.
( b) From the winning of political independence to the construction of socialist democratic politics.
50 years, in establishing the working class people's democratic dictatorship led by the state system and won on the basis of political independence, people's congress system, the CPC-led multi- party cooperation and political consultation system, the system of regional ethnic autonomy has been established the basic political system of socialism, uphold and further refinement. In a historic Third Plenary Session of the CPC on the basis of the great turning point, increased efforts to develop socialist democratic politics, political, reform steps and phases and to steadily and gradually formed the Chinese Communist Party's leadership to adhere to, people are the masters, according to the law of state machine unified socialist democratic political construction of the basic framework.
(c) from the development of democratic culture to the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics.
on the basis of the democratic culture, the Chinese Communist Party actively promote the construction of China's advanced culture, the culture of building socialism with Chinese characteristics under the principle of positive development toward modernization, world and the future, the national, scientific and popular socialist culture, carry forward and cultivate the national spirit, strengthen ideological and moral construction, vigorously develop education and science, etc. for building a moderately prosperous society, comprehensively enhance overall national strength provide a steady stream of cultural support.
(d) to break the blockade to the all-round opening from.
new China from the date of the establishment to break the blockade of the West, the development of economic and trade exchanges with other countries, made for domestic peace-building favorable external conditions, have made unremitting efforts to .20 the 70's, to the normalization of Sino-US relations as a breakthrough, led to the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Western countries, the climax, the opening-up strategy for the subsequent creation of a favorable international environment. Third Plenary Session of the CPC, the opening show of the new situation, China passed for a peaceful international environment to develop itself, but also through its own development to promote world peace and development, always and unswervingly follow the road of peaceful development, in maintaining world peace and promoting the development of an important force in the world.
(e) from the to safeguard national dignity and sovereignty to the modernization of national defense must be strong .50 years, the People's Liberation Army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and resolutely defend the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the motherland, in the process of national defense modernization, and achieved developed and the successful launch of the ; two topics, according to politically and competent militarily fine style of work, strict discipline and the general requirements of effective support, and strictly according to law the military to accelerate the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics and preparations for military struggle, to strengthen the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized, regularization along the road of fewer but better troops with Chinese characteristics, continue to forge ahead.
the great achievements that only socialism can save China, can develop China, the Chinese Communist Party is leading the Chinese revolution, construction and reform at the core strength of . Only under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the socialist road with Chinese characteristics, to achieve the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation.
Chapter VIII of the basic system of socialism in China to establish
First, why is the new democratic society a transitional society?
(a) the basic characteristics of democratic society.
1, the economy, the implementation under the leadership of the state economy, and the cooperative economy, individual economy and private capitalist economy and state capitalist economy economic system exist side by side.
2, in politics, the implementation of the working class leadership of the joint dictatorship of all revolutionary classes and the people's democratic dictatorship of the state system.
3, in culture, the implementation of Marxism, Mao Zedong Guided by the idea of the new democratic culture. that is national, scientific, and popular culture.
(b) from the development of a new democratic society, it is a transitional society, it is the direction to the development of socialist society.
1, in our democratic society, although there is still much non-factors in the proportion of socialism, but socialism or economic factors that both have been living in political leadership. Since the superiority of the socialist elements and leadership, plus there were international conditions conducive to the development of socialism, socialist factors determine growth and will continue to get the ultimate victory.
2, to achieve national prosperity and people's common prosperity of the Chinese nation in another historical mission, to promote the further development of social productive forces, in order to achieve national prosperity and revitalization of our democratic society must be timely and gradual transition to a socialist society.
3, our new democratic society is democratic to the necessary stage of socialism, the socialist system itself, are, its future must be a socialist society.
Second, how to understand the establishment of the socialist system in China is the history and the people's choice?
(a) China must choose the path of socialist industrialization, the socialist system has
concentrate on doing big things, to promote the advantages of rapid development of social productive forces, for China, an economically and culturally backward country, through the achievement of national industrialization and the socialist road, This is the best choice. an independent if the engage China after socialism, while taking the capitalist road, would be difficult to achieve real economic independence. Moreover, as the economy dependent on foreign countries can not afford the political spine to quite , and even win the political independence has been or may be lost. China took the capitalist road, the economic development may be temporary, but after all the Western capitalist to become a vassal state. In the era of imperialism, capitalism,bailey UGG boots, China, by taking the possibility to modernize the road has been lost. In order to achieve the country's industrialization, China must take the socialist road.
(b) determine the factors that China has chosen a socialist.
1, the socialist nature of the relative economic power of the state it is rather strong, it is the main basis for the realization of national industrialization. The country's socialist industrialization, the national independence and prosperity of the course elements and necessary conditions. the socialist nature of the state's economic development, is a basic choice of socialism factors.
2, weak economic power of capitalism, development difficulties, can not become the basis for China's industrial take-off. And the national and state economy is very dependent, inevitably to the direction of state capitalism, which development of selected species is another essential element of socialism.
3, the socialist transformation of agriculture on the individual, is to ensure that industrial development and achieve a necessary condition for industrialization of the country.
to increase production through the introduction of agricultural cooperatives food and other agricultural products, to meet the growing people's lives and industrial development, which is China's basic socialist select one of the factors.
4, then select the international environment also contributed to China's socialism. Since the founding of new China long-term by the United States and other Western capitalist countries economically, diplomatically and militarily tight blockade and containment. China is not ...